Tunisia, Mauritania and Algeria have been members of NATO’s Mediterranean Dialogue military partnership since 1994. No sooner did the Soviet Union dissolve in 1991 than the U.S. moved to expand NATO globally, including forging individual partnerships with the fifteen new nations emerging from the former USSR, three of whom (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) were brought into NATO in 2004.
Chad and Niger have hosted multinational military forces from several NATO nations in recent years; Senegal, Ghana and Nigeria are increasingly participating in Africa Command/NATO exercises, including Senegal in the 2021 (last held) U.S./NATO Sea Breeze war games in Ukraine and the Black Sea. Libya was bombed by NATO for over six months in 2011 and immediately afterward was touted as a prospective member of the Mediterranean Dialogue. It’s now effectively under military occupation by NATO powerhouse Turkey.
U.S. Africa Command and NATO, essentially coterminous, have effected the military integration of most all nations on the continent under mechanisms such as the African Standby Force and the Africa Partnership Station and regular military exercises like African Lion, Operation Flintlock, Obangame Express and Phoenix Express. The NATO Response Force was inaugurated in 2006 with massive military drills in the African nation of Cabo Verde. U.S. Air Forces in Europe and Air Forces Africa, the air component of U.S. AFRICOM, and NATO’s Allied Air Command share a top commander.
U.S. Air Forces in Europe and Air Forces Africa
November 2, 2022
8 African nations attend APF co-hosted by U.S., Tunisian air forces
U.S. Air Force Maj. Gen James Kriesel, U.S. Air Forces in Europe and Air Forces Africa national guard assistant to the commander, [gave] opening remarks during the 2022 African Partnership Flight held in Tunis, Tunisia, Nov. 2, 2022. The APF hosted partners from across North and West Africa, including delegations from Algeria, Chad, Ghana, Libya, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal as well as the two co-hosts, Tunisia and the U.S. The event will focus on broadening interoperability on Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance objectives.
Anti-bellum 
Now instead of bringing enslaved persons to North America, the Europeans and Americans now have opted to keep the enslaved nations at home in Africa and operating as their vassals in Africa providing bases and natural resources to the economies of the EU and the U.S. The leaders of those countries see this as a more positive public relations strategy as well as one that will enrich the coffers of the NATO nations at the expense of the African ones. Of course, the African leaders who are complicit in this new form of European Colonialism will see their personal coffers enriched as well as have out of country refuges if the plan ever turns sour.
You must hand it to the Americans and the Europeans to always look for ways to paint imperialism and colonialism in ways that are acceptable to the world media. We must not forget though, before we acknowledge the kudos from the world media, that this media is also owned by the sovereign states that hatch such despicable strategies.
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Insightful and accurate on all scores, except that of the “news” media, which are at the service of entities more powerful than figurehead governments in the neoliberal epoch.
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Yes Rick, the “news” media and the figurehead governments are both bought and paid for by the entities operating in the shadows and the cover of the darkness of lies. As Truss found out, these figure heads are as easily disposed, when no longer useful, as last night’s dinner leftovers.
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